System for electrical distribution.



J. L. WOODBRIDGE. I SYSTEM FOR ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

APPLICATION FILED NO V. 13, 1907.

Patented Dec. 8, 1908.-

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'To all' whom it may concern:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH LESTER WOODBRIDGE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

SYSTEM FOR ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

I Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 8, 1908.

V Application filed November 13, 1907. Serial No. 401,912.

Be it known that'I, J osErH LESTER W'oon- BRIDGE, a citizen of the United States, and

. a resident of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania,

have invented acertain new and useful System of Electrical Distribution, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to those systems in which both alternating and direct currents are employed and in which converting apparatus is used for interchangeably transformeither kind of current'to the other. It may also-be employed for controlling the division sensitive means for effect I of energy between an alternating current of load between two sources of alternating current supplying a common consumption circuit.

Theobject'of my invention is to provide a transfer anda direct current circuit, or between two souroesof. alternating currents and to largely eliminate the time'lag which would other- -w'iseiexist due, for example, to the inertia ofmo parts.

It is w e ll known that if, for example, two alternating current generators are operating inip'arallel and it is desired to shift a part ofthe load from one to the other a change inthe phase relation of the moving'members of the. two must be brought about. This is umally accomplished by supplying more energy to the one whose load is to be in-- creased. This method cannot, however, effect an instantaneous transfer of load since theinertia of the moving parts prevents an instantaneous shifting of the phase relation. In order toobviate this time lag I provide means for shifting the phase relation of the alternating current electro-lnotive-force developed in one with respect to the other, without necessitating a shifting of the phase relation of the moving parts themselves. By the means described herein this shifting of the electro-motive-force can be accomplished practically instantaneously and the desired Y transfer of load can thus be effected without the time lag mentioned above.

The nature, characteristic features and scope of my invention will be more fully understood by reference to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, and in which Figure 1, shows apparatus embodying 'features of the invention. -Fig. 2, is a diagranimatic representation of a portion of the circuits included in Fig. 1. Fig. 3, is anothei' view of part of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4, is a vector diagram to which reference will be made in describing connected in seriesbetween the 'alternatin current terminals of the rotary armature and the collector rings 25, 26, and 27, and in this armature Z, is developed a supplemental electro motive force, whose phase relation may be so adjusted that the phase relation of the combined electro-motive-forces of the two armatures may be controlled. This result isaccomplished by supporting the field frame E on the frame of the rotary by means of bolts C C, passing through slots in projections of the field frame E, thus permitting the entire field frame E, to be rotated through a certain angle and held in any dethe converter B, by means of the hand-Wheel 32 and the screw 33.

Fig. 3, shows a front view of the bolt C and the slot D. In Fig. 4:, is shown a diagram of the connections showing the windings of the armature Z, connected in series between the alternating current terminals of the rotary converter B and the collector rings 25, 26, and 27. Two angular positions of the field are shown at C and C corresponding to two positions of the field frame E, of Fig. 1. The field winding C of the auxiliary machine is excited by the exciter K, whose field L, is excited by the regulator T, which is made responsive to the current on the alternating current circuit by means of sired angular relation to the field frame of l a solenoid S, connected into said circuit.

The exciter K, is also connected by conductors 21 and 22, to an auxiliary field 20 on the converter B, which cooperates with the main field 10, of this converter. This regulator T,

consists'of two resistances 28 and 29, con.- contact pieces 30 and 3l and the resistances. nected in parallel across the direct current 23 and 29 111 Such a way h ur en W111 circuit 45 by means of the conductors 18 flow through. the field winding L of the exand 19. Each of these" resistances is prociter K, which will in turn supply current :31, make contact.

pieces 30 and 31, are mounted upon an insulatin arm U ivoted at 1ts center u on which center it maybe turned in either dil rection by means of the arm V, attached thereto. The arm U, is 'so arranged that in its middle position the contact pieces 30, and

31, are in contact with the middle points of,

the tworesistances 28 and 29 respectively, and in this position there will therefore be no difference of potential between them and no current iiowing through the field winding L. If the arm U, is moved in one direction, current will flow through L, in a certain direction, whereas if U, is moved in the opposite direction the current in L, will be reversed,'thus by moving the arm U, in either direction from its mean position the amount and direction of current in, the field L, and therefore the amount and direction of vol--' tage of the exciter K, may be controlled. The

, shown a storage battery F and its booster G,

which latter may be controlled in any suitable manner, but it will be understood that any suitable source of direct current may be connected tothis circuit.

The operation of this apparatus is then as follows: Wlth a certain normal load in the consumption circuit 1, 2, 3 the source A, is l l l l 1 l l to the field winding of the auxiliary machine E and to the auxiliary field 20 of the converter. The fiow of current in the windings C well as the adjustment of thefield' frame E, with respect to the frame. of the converter B, should be such that this fiow of current from the exciter K, will -'produce an electro-motive-force in the auxsupplying the entire demand and the excita- 1 tion of the converter B, is such that no en- 1 ergy is transmitted in either direction between the alternating current and the direct current circuits. The force exerted on the core R, of the solenoid S, is so balanced by I iliary machine E leading in phase position with respect to the electro-motive-force of the rotary converter. This will cause the rotary converter to transmit energy from the direct current circuit to the alternating current circuit, thus relieving the source A of the greater portion of the increase of load above mentioned, and current in the auxiliary winding it of the converter will be in such direction as to reduce the excitation of the converter and permit direct current to flow into it from the direct current circuit 15, corresponding to the output of. the converter to the alternating current circuit.

Fig. 4:, is a vector diagram which will serve to illustrate the operation'of this apparatus. The line 0, P may be taken to represent the amount and phase position of the alternating current, electro-motive-force developed in the converter B. The line P..

and it will be seen that this resultant as sumes a phase position in advance of the lectro motive-force of the converter by an angle dependent upon the phase position of the auxiliary electro-motive-force P. P. If the phase position of the latter be shifted into a position corresponding with the line P, P which may be accomplished by r0- tating the frame E, the resultant electromctive-iorce will assume a phase, position corresponding with the line 0, P

This application contains matter not spe cifically claimed herein but which matter is claimed in my copending application, Serial No. 329,042.

What I claim is:

1. An alternating current circuit and its source, a direct current circuit and its source, transforming apparatus adapted and connectedto transfer energy in either direction between them, means including an alternating current armature and its'field for developing between the transforming apparatus and the alternating current circuit an alternating current electro-motive-force having a component at right angles to that of the transforming apparatus. and means r esponsive to the electrical condition of the alternating current circuit for controlling said field.

i". in alternating current circuit and its source. a direct current circuit and its source, transforming apparatus adapted and connected to transfer energy in either direction between them, an auxiliary dynamo pro- \idcd with a field and an armaturewinding, said winding connected in series between the transtorniing apparatus and the alternating current circuit and adapted to develop an alternating current electro-motive-force having a component at right angles to the alternating current electro-motive-force of the transforming apparatus, and electroresponsive means for simultaneously controlling the field of the auxiliary dynamo and the direct current electro-n1otive-force of the transforming apparatus to transfer energy from one circuit to the other.

An alternating current circuit and its source, a direct current circuit and its source, transforming apparatus adapted and connected to transfer energy in either direction between them, an auxiliary dynamo provided with a field and an armature winding, said winding connected in series between the transforming apparatus and the alternating current circuit and adapted to develop an alternating current electro-motive-force having a component at right angles to the alternating current eleetro-motive-force of the transforming apparatus, and means responsive to the load on the alternating current circuit for simultaneously controlling the field of the auxiliary dynamo and the direct current electro-motive-force of the trans- -forming apparatus to transfer energy from one circuit to the other.

4. An alternating current circuit, two sources of alternating current electro-motiveforce connected in parallel relation to the circuit, an auxiliary dynamo provided with afield and an armature winding, said winding connected in series between one of the two sources and the circuitand adapted t develop an alternating current electro-motire-force having a component at right angles to the alternating current electro-motire-force of said source, and means responsive to the electrical condition'of the circuit for controlling the field ot' the auxiliary dynamo.

5. An alternating current circuit and its source, alternating current apparatus adapted to develop alternating current electromotive-i orce connected to said circuit, means for supplying energy to said apparatus, an auxiliary dynamo provided with a field and an armature winding, said winding connected in series between the-alternating current apparatus and the circuit and adapted to develop an alternating current electromotivet'orce having a component at right angles to that of the alternating current apparatus, and electro-responsive means for simultaneously controlling the field of the auxiliary dynamo and the supply of energy to the apparatus.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of witnesses.

JOSEPH LESTER WOODBRIDGE.

\Vitnesses V. J. Jxonsox, FRANK E. FRENCH. 

